Keyboard Number Pad Not Working

This is a very common thing to happen for Linux users using full blown keyboards (not a laptop). And it's caused mainly by a Linux accessibility feature, which allows you to use the arrows on your number pad as a mouse.

To revert back you have two simple options:

1- Hit "Ctrl+Shift+NumLock" on your keyboard

2- Disable the Mouse Keys feature on you keyboad configuration utility

 

Converting first characters to capital in a string variable - BASH

Let's say you have a variable that contains a string of text, and you need the first characters to be capitalized. This quick how to will show you just that.

My variable is set as follow:

$ var="this is a text title" $ echo $var this is a text title

 Bash has built-in variable substitution that will convert a matching pattern (see the man page for either bash or bash-bultins for more info).

${parameter^pattern}
${parameter^^pattern}

Here's a simplified usage:

$ var=test $ echo ${var^t} # Could also be ${var^} Test

 So for my first example, we can add the same parameter substitution to a for loop, and here's what we get:

$ var="this is a text title"   $ echo $var this is a text title   $ for i in `echo $var` ; do echo ${i^} ; done | tr '\n' ' ' ; echo -e "\r" This Is A Text Title